Oncology Overview
The Department of Oncology focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers in different body parts. It includes
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a. Medical
Medical treatment in oncology includes chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. Chemotherapy involves using drugs to kill cancer cells, while targeted therapy uses drugs to specifically target cancer cells. Immunotherapy works by stimulating the immune system to attack cancer cells and hormone therapy is used to block hormones that promote the growth of certain types of cancer. Side effects vary depending on the type of treatment, but can include fatigue, nausea, hair loss, and changes in blood cell counts.
b. Breast cancer
It is a disorder wherein cells inside the breast grow out of control. There are no specific types of breast cancer. The form of breast cancer relies upon which cells within the breast change into most cancers. Breast cancer can spread outside the breast via blood vessels and lymph nodes. Whilst breast cancer spreads to other parts of the body, it is called the metastasis process.
Different human beings have different symptoms of breast cancer. A few people do no longer have any signs and symptoms or signs and symptoms at all.
c. Radiation
Radiation therapy is a common treatment for cancer, using high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells or shrink tumours. It can be delivered externally, from a machine outside the body, or internally, and is carefully planned to minimize damage to healthy tissue. Side effects include fatigue, skin irritation, and changes in bowel or bladder function.
d. Surgical oncology
Surgical oncology is a specialized field of surgery that focuses on the treatment of cancer. It involves the surgical removal of tumours or cancerous tissue from the body, as well as the surrounding tissue to ensure complete removal. It may also be used for diagnostic purposes to determine the stage and type of cancer. Recovery time and potential complications vary depending on the type and extent of the surgery.
e. Lung Cancer
Lung cancers are a sort of cancer that starts in the lungs. Your lungs are two spongy organs to your chest that take in oxygen while you inhale and release carbon dioxide when you exhale. Lung cancer is the leading reason for most cancers deaths worldwide. Those who smoke have the greatest risk of lung cancer, although lung cancer can also occur in people who’ve in no way smoked. The danger of lung cancer increases with the time and number of cigarettes you’ve got smoked. If you quit smoking, even after smoking for decades, you may substantially lessen your probability of growing lung most cancer.
f. Oral Cancers
Oral cancer is cancer that develops inside the tissues of the mouth or throat. It belongs to a larger group of cancers known as head and neck cancers. Maximum expansion in the squamous cells found to your mouth, tongue, and lips. Oral cancers consist of cancers of the:
- Lips
- Tongue
- The inner lining of the cheek
- Gums
- The floor of the mouth
- Tough and tender palate
and provide personalized treatment plans based on the type and stage of cancer. The department also focuses on cancer prevention and early detection.
Some FAQs About Oncology -
Some common types of cancer include breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and skin cancer. However, there are many other types of cancer that can occur in different parts of the body.
The side effects of cancer treatments can vary depending on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the specific treatment used. Some common side effects of cancer treatments include fatigue, nausea, hair loss, and weakened immune system.
While there is no guaranteed way to prevent cancer, there are several steps that individuals can take to reduce their risk of developing certain types of cancer. These steps include maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, and getting regular cancer screenings.
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